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Introduction Recent years have seen the emergence of values-based practice as the “philosophy into practice” cutting edge of the new interdisciplinary field of philosophy of psychiatry. In this editorial I start with a brief outline of the relationship between values, values-based medicine, and values-based practice in clinical decision-making. I then describe a number of key developments in policy, training, and research in values-based practice in the UK and internationally. Finally, in a brief concluding section, I indicate the way in which values-based practice, along with related developments in the wider field of philosophy of psychiatry, is showing the way forward for a closer and more effective partnership between values-based and evidence-based approaches, not just in psychiatry but in medicine as a whole. What Are Values?

And What Is Their Relevance To Medical Decision-Making? Perhaps the most familiar values in medicine today are ethical values. Certainly, few would doubt that ethical problems are widespread in medicine. However, values encompass much more than ethics. They include ethical values, but also values of many other kinds—preferences, needs, hopes, expectations, and so forth—and all these are important areas of values in medicine. A helpful definition of values is provided by Sackett et al., in their training manual on evidence-based medicine: “By patient values we mean the unique preferences, concerns and expectations each patient brings to a clinical encounter and which must be integrated into clinical decisions if they are to serve the patient” (, page 1; emphasis in the original). So, what is the common feature of values?

What is it that makes all these very different kinds of values relevant to medical decision-making? The nature of values is one of those topics that has been widely debated by philosophers for over 2,000 years! But an important feature of values, and one by which they are at least partly defined, is that, as a former White's Professor of Moral Philosophy in Oxford, R. Face Rig Download Mac Free here. Hare, put it, they are “prescriptive” or “action guiding” (; ).